Field Notes from Steve Cain: Bugling Elk
Shorter days, cooler temperatures, new snow in the high country, changing colors on the landscape, and the eerie trill of elk bugles in the morning and evening air signal the coming of fall in Grand Teton National Park. Bugling by bull elk in September and October serves to alert other elk to the status of a breeding male, in a highly ritualized and ages-old breeding system known as the rut.
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